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| Film Terms Glossary | ||
| Cinematic Terms | Definition and Explanation | |
| rack focusing | > | refers to an on-screen film technique of focus change that blurs the focal planes in sequence, forcing the viewer's eye to travel to those areas of an image that remain in sharp focus; the focus changes from an object in the foreground to an object in the background or vice versa, to direct, shift, and steer the attention of the viewer forcibly from one subject to another; also known as selective focusing or pull focus |
| rating system(s) or ratings | > | also known as the MPAA (Motion Picture Association of America) film rating system, first officially instituted in late 1968; it refers to the ever-evolving classification system for films usually based upon age-appropriateness, and the judgment of a film's suitability for various audiences, in terms of sexual content, offensiveness, or violence; see also censorship |
| reaction shot | > | a quick shot that records a character's or group's response to another character or some on-screen action or event; often accompanied with a POV shot; reaction shots are usually cutaways. |
| real time | > | actual time it would take for an event to occur in reality, as contrasted to filmic time (time can be sped up or slowed down). Real and filmic time often coincide for long sequences within a film; also see running time. |
| realism | > | filming so that the reality outside the camera is shown in a neutral style with as little distortion and interference as possible; realism is attained by long, uninterrupted takes, deep focus shots, and other filmic techniques; contrast to expressionism; similar to the 'reality' of docudramas |
| rear (screen) projection | > | a special effects technique to create backgrounds, in which actors are filmed in front of a screen on which a background scene is projected; commonly used in early films to produce the effect of motion in a vehicle. Also see process shot, process photography, or back projection. |
| red carpet | > | literally, to "roll out" a welcoming 'red carpet', laid down for major ceremonies (film premieres, awards ceremonies) to signify an important, honorary event with dignitaries and esteemed guests attending; often the locale for live interviews and photo opportunities |
| red herring | > | an instance of foreshadowing that is deliberately planted to make viewers suspect an outcome--but the audience is to be deceived - the opposite happens and the false clue 'plant' is irrelevant; often done for humor, irony, or for other thematic reasons; contrast to McGuffin |
| redlighted | > | refers to a film project that was in production, but lost its financial backing - resulting in a premature abandonment by the studio; aka a film in turnaround |
| reel | > | refers to a plastic or metal spool for winding film; also, earlier films were measured in reels (one reel = about 10 minutes of running time). |
| re-enactment | > | a film production that re-creates an actual event as closely as possible |
| reference | > | refers to how one film in its storyline (through dialogue, images) alludes to, recalls, or refers to another film; similar to homage |
| reissue | > | refers to a studio releasing a work subsequent to the original or initial release; similar to re-release |
| release | > | refers to the first distribution and general public exhibition of a film to theatre audiences. |
| remake | > | refers to a later production (of a previous film), with different credits, script, and cast; a redone, second version of a film's narrative and subject matter; remakes have been common throughout all of film history. |
| rentals | > | refers to that portion of film grosses that goes to film distributors; also refers to videocassette (or DVD) rentals |
| re-release | > | the revival or rebroadcast of a work by the original distributor, studio, releaser, or broadcaster. |
| reshoot contingency | > | refers to the funds kept or saved by a producer in case supplementary shootings (reshoots) are required - often occurring after test screenings or decisions made by studio executives |
| resolution | > | the outcome, or the "untying" of tension in the scenes after the climax of a film; refers to how things turned out for all of the characters; some films abruptly end without a scene following the climax; aka denouement |
| retrospective | > | usually a tribute, exhibition, or 'looking back' at a film star's, artist's or director's work over a span of years with a comprehensive compilation or montage of film clips or excerpts; also known as a retro; also, in terms of a screenplay, a film in which nearly the entire story is looking back in time at events that have already taken place, usually accomplished by flashback |
| reverse angle shot | > | a basic camera angle composed of a shot photographed from the opposite side of a subject to provide a different perspective; in a dialogue scene between characters, a shot of the second participant is commonly composed as an over-the-shoulder shot; sometimes known as an 180 degree angle shot or change in perspective; the alternating pattern between two characters' points of view is known as shot/reverse shot |
| reverse motion | > | refers to a trick camera effect, created by running film backwards in the camera or during optical printing; aka reverse action |
| revisionistic | > | refers to films that present an apparent genre stereotype and then subvert, revise, or challenge it; aka deconstruction |
| revival house | > | film or exhibition theatres that are dedicated to emphasizing or specializing in only one type of film - such as foreign films, older films, silent films, classics, rarely-screened films, etc. |
| roadshow | > | refers to exploitation films (such as "sex-hygeine" films) with controversial content (disguised as educational medical information) that were heavily promoted and shown on the road, and would be packed up quickly in case of the authorities; also refers to films that were released early and shown in prestigious theatres |
| roman a clef | > | a French term literally meaning 'novel with a key'; in film terms, refers to a film in which actual persons/events are disguised or masked as fictional characters - but with a 'key,' the true persons/events are revealed |
| rotation | > | refers to a camera rotation - which can be a vertical or horizontal pan; or it may refer to a camera move in which the camera is moved in a complete (or half) circle to produce a spinning, disorienting effect to the viewer; a partial rotation is termed a tilt |
| rough cut | > | an early edited (or 'cut') version of a film - with all the pieces of the film assembled in continuous, sequential order, but without any fancy editing; also sometimes known as first cut; one of the stages toward the final cut; often used in a focus group screening. |
| running time | > | a measure of the duration or length of a film, usually about two hours for a feature film. |
| rush(es) | > | the prints of takes (of the camera footage) from one day's shooting, usually without correction or editing, for examination by the director before the next day's shooting; aka daily-ies |
Sumber:Filmsite.org
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